![Painting, Métamorphose, Dominique Zinkpè](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/187441_1_grid.jpg)
African Painting for Sale
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![Painting, Métamorphose, Dominique Zinkpè](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/187441_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Chromatic contenance, Daniel Gyekyi Gyan](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2097117_1_grid.jpg)
Chromatic contenance
Daniel Gyekyi Gyan
Painting - 101.6 x 76.2 x 2 cm Painting - 40 x 30 x 0.8 inch
€3,967
![Painting, The blue scarf, Richard Adusu](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2181380_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Joy of twins mother, Prince Twins Seven - Seven](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2095581_1_grid.jpg)
Joy of twins mother
Prince Twins Seven - Seven
Painting - 61 x 121.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 24 x 48 x 1 inch
€6,611
![Painting, Productive Exploits, Bright Ibiok](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1647576_1_grid.jpg)
Productive Exploits
Bright Ibiok
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€6,139
![Painting, Le rêve de Clifford assis sur le tabouret d'un call-box, Marcel Tchopwe](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1965372_1_grid.jpg)
Le rêve de Clifford assis sur le tabouret d'un call-box
Marcel Tchopwe
Painting - 139.5 x 128.3 x 2 cm Painting - 54.9 x 50.5 x 0.8 inch
€4,600
![Painting, Which one, Saad Lukwago](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/738321_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Oblivion, Ebiwari Ekati](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2157136_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Her Strength Like an Eagle, Perrin Oglafa](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2156598_1_grid.jpg)
Her Strength Like an Eagle
Perrin Oglafa
Painting - 94 x 94 x 4 cm Painting - 37 x 37 x 1.6 inch
€3,600
![Painting, Together we stand 2, Aziseh Emmanuel](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2126847_1_grid.jpg)
Together we stand 2
Aziseh Emmanuel
Painting - 120 x 130 x 2.5 cm Painting - 47.2 x 51.2 x 1 inch
€4,750
![Painting, Sunflowers, Jude Kasagga](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/737313_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, La femme au nid d'oisillons, Dorothy Payne](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1906101_1_grid.jpg)
La femme au nid d'oisillons
Dorothy Payne
Painting - 192 x 238 x 1 cm Painting - 75.6 x 93.7 x 0.4 inch
€4,500
![Painting, Warm of the Sun, Themba Khumalo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2176025_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Femme, mère de l'inhumanité, Benjamin Déguénon](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1241577_1_grid.jpg)
Femme, mère de l'inhumanité
Benjamin Déguénon
Painting - 75 x 100 x 0.1 cm Painting - 29.5 x 39.4 x 0 inch
€2,500
![Painting, City Boys, Akwasi Addai](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/688929_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Esprit de forêt 1, Yao Metsoko](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/163531_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Paddling, Seth Clottey](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1358088_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Mistress series, Adegboro Blessing](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1759038_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Aunty Mansa and daughter, Emmanuel Adiamah](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2176013_1_grid.jpg)
Aunty Mansa and daughter
Emmanuel Adiamah
Painting - 68.6 x 68.6 x 10.2 cm Painting - 27 x 27 x 4 inch
€7,745
![Painting, Superhuman series 2, Lateef Olajumoke](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1694253_1_grid.jpg)
Superhuman series 2
Lateef Olajumoke
Painting - 120 x 105 x 2 cm Painting - 47.2 x 41.3 x 0.8 inch
€5,572
![Painting, Générations, Ulrik Abé](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1786698_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Cabecita 1, Pablo Martin](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2158059_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Rêveries en fleurs, Glodi Kasindi Malumbe](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2214879_1_grid.jpg)
Rêveries en fleurs
Glodi Kasindi Malumbe
Painting - 100 x 60 x 5 cm Painting - 39.4 x 23.6 x 2 inch
€3,500
![Painting, Sitting Boy, Amadou Camara Gueye](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2156960_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Biche rose, Ahlassane Konte](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2137180_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Street corner I, Camara Guaye](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/1988523_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Untitled., Filipa Bossuet](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2088759_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Vulnerable, Segun Aiyesan](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2156600_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Boys, Boys, Caleb Kwarteng Prah](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2194983_1_grid.jpg)
Boys, Boys
Caleb Kwarteng Prah
Painting - 128.3 x 97.8 x 5 cm Painting - 50.5 x 38.5 x 2 inch
Price upon request
![Painting, Peace - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Impasto, Impression, Africa Woman, Abiodun Nafiu Azeez](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237441_1_grid.jpg)
Peace - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Impasto, Impression, Africa Woman
Abiodun Nafiu Azeez
Painting - 99.1 x 76.2 x 2.5 cm Painting - 39 x 30 x 1 inch
€1,464
![Painting, Selfie X, Moses Baite](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244749_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Selfie II, Moses Baite](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244747_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Life's Intrigues, Johnson Uwadinma](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244831_1_grid.jpg)
Life's Intrigues
Johnson Uwadinma
Painting - 48.5 x 39 x 0.5 cm Painting - 19.1 x 15.4 x 0.2 inch
€800
![Painting, Sisters, Johnson Uwadinma](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244829_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, African Kaleidoscope, Johnson Uwadinma](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2157222_1_grid.jpg)
African Kaleidoscope
Johnson Uwadinma
Painting - 65.8 x 35.8 x 0.5 cm Painting - 25.9 x 14.1 x 0.2 inch
€800
![Painting, Elders Council, Johnson Uwadinma](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2157130_1_grid.jpg)
Elders Council
Johnson Uwadinma
Painting - 48.5 x 39 x 0.5 cm Painting - 19.1 x 15.4 x 0.2 inch
€800
![Painting, Her Rebirth, Penuel Heber Madeira Heber Madeira](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244596_1_grid.jpg)
Her Rebirth
Penuel Heber Madeira Heber Madeira
Painting - 84.1 x 60.5 x 2.5 cm Painting - 33.1 x 23.8 x 1 inch
€3,777
![Painting, Radiance of Joy 2, Bakare Abubakri-sideeq Babatunde](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2243728_1_grid.jpg)
Radiance of Joy 2
Bakare Abubakri-sideeq Babatunde
Painting - 53.3 x 43.2 x 2.5 cm Painting - 21 x 17 x 1 inch
€1,369
![Painting, Muse, Bello Adedoyin](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245840_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, My Safe Place, Bello Adedoyin](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245831_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Young Mind, Bello Adedoyin](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245829_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Iwalewa (Character is Beauty), Taiwo Oguntola](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2243702_1_grid.jpg)
Iwalewa (Character is Beauty)
Taiwo Oguntola
Painting - 58.4 x 50.8 x 2.5 cm Painting - 23 x 20 x 1 inch
€1,511
![Painting, Watch And Pray, Goodness Nnabeze](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244838_1_grid.jpg)
Watch And Pray
Goodness Nnabeze
Painting - 55 x 45 x 0.5 cm Painting - 21.7 x 17.7 x 0.2 inch
€1,500
![Painting, Madonna, Johnson Uwadinma](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244830_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Young and Bold, Bello Adedoyin](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245833_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Beautiful Memories, Bello Adedoyin](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245825_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Optics II, Goodness Nnabeze](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245027_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Seek Within - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Introspection, Taiwo Odejinmi](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244730_1_grid.jpg)
Seek Within - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Introspection
Taiwo Odejinmi
Painting - 91.4 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 36 x 36 x 1 inch
€2,692
![Painting, Sometimes I Talk To My Shadow 1 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative, Women, Obeka Simon](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2243932_1_grid.jpg)
Sometimes I Talk To My Shadow 1 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative, Women
Obeka Simon
Painting - 96.5 x 81.3 x 2.5 cm Painting - 38 x 32 x 1 inch
€2,928
![Painting, Cheer up and Glow (Hope) - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative, Women, Oil, Obeka Simon](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2243921_1_grid.jpg)
Cheer up and Glow (Hope) - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative, Women, Oil
Obeka Simon
Painting - 76.2 x 81.3 x 2.5 cm Painting - 30 x 32 x 1 inch
€2,928
![Painting, Having Done All, I Stand 1 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Landscape, Women, Oil, Obeka Simon](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2243919_1_grid.jpg)
Having Done All, I Stand 1 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Landscape, Women, Oil
Obeka Simon
Painting - 96.5 x 81.3 x 2.5 cm Painting - 38 x 32 x 1 inch
€2,928
![Painting, Having Done All, I Stand 2 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Landscape, Women, Oil, Obeka Simon](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2243912_1_grid.jpg)
Having Done All, I Stand 2 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Landscape, Women, Oil
Obeka Simon
Painting - 91.4 x 76.2 x 2.5 cm Painting - 36 x 30 x 1 inch
€2,928
![Painting, Sketches VIII, Goodness Nnabeze](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244843_1_grid.jpg)
Sketches VIII
Goodness Nnabeze
Painting - 32.6 x 25.6 x 0.5 cm Painting - 12.8 x 10.1 x 0.2 inch
€600
![Painting, Sketches VII, Goodness Nnabeze](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244841_1_grid.jpg)
Sketches VII
Goodness Nnabeze
Painting - 32.6 x 25.6 x 0.5 cm Painting - 12.8 x 10.1 x 0.2 inch
€600
![Painting, Life is Beyond Dream of Man 2, Popoola Victor](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244589_1_grid.jpg)
Life is Beyond Dream of Man 2
Popoola Victor
Painting - 76.2 x 61 x 2.5 cm Painting - 30 x 24 x 1 inch
€2,928
![Painting, Aduke, Popoola Victor](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244586_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Dreamer, Johnson Uwadinma](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244821_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Cosmopolitan, Johnson Uwadinma](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244820_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, We Outside 1 (Escape Route), Eyitayo Alagbe](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2243737_1_grid.jpg)
We Outside 1 (Escape Route)
Eyitayo Alagbe
Painting - 121.9 x 121.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 48 x 1 inch
€4,108
![Painting, Black Pride 7 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Beautiful Women, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237286_1_grid.jpg)
Black Pride 7 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Beautiful Women
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 91.4 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 36 x 36 x 1 inch
€2,692
![Painting, Against All Odds 10 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Women, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237284_1_grid.jpg)
Against All Odds 10 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Women
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€3,069
![Painting, Culture 9 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Women, Fashion, Eyes, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237281_1_grid.jpg)
Culture 9 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Women, Fashion, Eyes
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€3,069
![Painting, State of Mind 15 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Women, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237278_1_grid.jpg)
State of Mind 15 - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Women
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€3,069
![Painting, Gifted Treasure - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Beauty Women, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237275_1_grid.jpg)
Gifted Treasure - 21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Beauty Women
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€3,069
![Painting, State of Mind 14, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237273_1_grid.jpg)
State of Mind 14
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€3,069
![Painting, Eniyan (Human) 8, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237224_1_grid.jpg)
Eniyan (Human) 8
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 121.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 48 x 1 inch
€4,014
![Painting, Unconditional Love 2, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237130_1_grid.jpg)
Unconditional Love 2
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 101.6 x 121.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 40 x 48 x 1 inch
€4,014
![Painting, State of Mind 11, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237118_1_grid.jpg)
State of Mind 11
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€2,833
![Painting, Soulmate 6, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237117_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Culture 5, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237116_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Strength in Diversity 4, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2237114_1_grid.jpg)
Strength in Diversity 4
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 152.4 x 121.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 60 x 48 x 1 inch
€4,060
![Painting, Whispers of the Soul 5, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236941_1_grid.jpg)
Whispers of the Soul 5
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€2,692
![Painting, Whispers of the Soul 4, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236937_1_grid.jpg)
Whispers of the Soul 4
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€2,692
![Painting, Whispers of the Soul 2, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236936_1_grid.jpg)
Whispers of the Soul 2
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€2,692
![Painting, Whispers of the Soul 3, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236935_1_grid.jpg)
Whispers of the Soul 3
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€2,692
![Painting, Whispers of the Soul 1, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236934_1_grid.jpg)
Whispers of the Soul 1
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€2,692
![Painting, Purpose of Existence 5, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236928_1_grid.jpg)
Purpose of Existence 5
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 121.9 x 91.4 x 2.5 cm Painting - 48 x 36 x 1 inch
€2,692
![Painting, Strength in Diversity 6, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236927_1_grid.jpg)
Strength in Diversity 6
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 152.4 x 121.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 60 x 48 x 1 inch
€4,581
![Painting, Purpose of Existence 14, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236713_1_grid.jpg)
Purpose of Existence 14
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 152.4 x 121.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 60 x 48 x 1 inch
€4,108
![Painting, Eniyan (Human) 11, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236709_1_grid.jpg)
Eniyan (Human) 11
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 152.4 x 121.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 60 x 48 x 1 inch
€4,108
![Painting, Eniyan (Human) 12, Damola Ayegbayo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2236706_1_grid.jpg)
Eniyan (Human) 12
Damola Ayegbayo
Painting - 152.4 x 121.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 60 x 48 x 1 inch
€4,103
![Painting, Blind Community, Woko Aguru](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244712_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Untitled (Unspoken Bond), Jumoke Oyetunde](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244599_1_grid.jpg)
Untitled (Unspoken Bond)
Jumoke Oyetunde
Painting - 119.4 x 90.2 x 2.5 cm Painting - 47 x 35.5 x 1 inch
€2,314
![Painting, Hope, Dan Uduak-obong](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2243704_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, The dreamer screamer II, Éric Odartey](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2242729_1_grid.jpg)
The dreamer screamer II
Éric Odartey
Painting - 101 x 76 x 3 cm Painting - 39.8 x 29.9 x 1.2 inch
€2,900
![Painting, Sketches III, Goodness Nnabeze](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245014_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Sketches IV, Goodness Nnabeze](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245013_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Sketches V, Goodness Nnabeze](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245012_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Sketches VI, Goodness Nnabeze](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245011_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, Window To The Soul, Lawrence Amoo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245227_1_grid.jpg)
Window To The Soul
Lawrence Amoo
Painting - 119.9 x 119.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 47.2 x 47.2 x 1 inch
€6,186
![Painting, Body of Mind, Lawrence Amoo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245226_1_grid.jpg)
![Painting, A Place To Rest, Lawrence Amoo](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2245165_1_grid.jpg)
A Place To Rest
Lawrence Amoo
Painting - 180.1 x 149.9 x 2.5 cm Painting - 70.9 x 59 x 1 inch
€11,853
![Painting, Chronometry -21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Oil, Women Fabrics, Clement Mmaduako Nwafor](https://media.artsper.com/artwork/2244590_1_grid.jpg)
Chronometry -21st Century, Contemporary, Figurative Portrait, Oil, Women Fabrics
Clement Mmaduako Nwafor
Painting - 152.4 x 106.7 x 2.5 cm Painting - 60 x 42 x 1 inch
€6,422
Discover the styles & movements
Discover the selection of our experts
African Painting for Sale
In the past, African art has often taken the form of statues, bas-reliefs and objects, contemporary African painting is very diverse. Closely linked to symbolism, African painting stands out because of the frequent use of very pronounced lines and perfect symmetry. Body painting is also common in African countries, but the continent is also home to wooden objects from the 10th century and bronze statues dating from the 14th century.
Today, many African works of art belong to private collectors. The importance of African artwork, which is often anonymous, is underestimated in France. However, knowledge was passed down in a very similar way to the European process: through workshops. Although workshops were perhaps more often based on familial ties in Africa than in Europe. The name of the studio is often more well-known than that of the artist. Although works of art aren't necessarily signed, artists can leave their own distinct mark on them.
Many historical works were created within the context of the ritual and religion and often the objects created would have been seen as sacred. Their primary purpose was not commercial nor aesthetic.
Contemporary art has evolved considerably in Africa, especially in countries such as South Africa, where many a number of cultural institutions and galleries have sprung up. Contemporary African paintings, often tinged with humor, can act as summaries for the problems present on the African continent, from colonization to the social and economic instability of certain countries, but they can also depict Africa as exceptional, colorful and joyful where each country has a strong and distinct culture.
Little by little, African art is regaining its place on the world art scene and collections of contemporary African art are attracting more and more attention from experts and art lovers. Some African artists to know, such as Barthelemy Toguo, Hassan Hajjaj or Chéri Samba are raising prices in fairs.
Explore the best of the African contemporary scene thanks to the selection of Artsper experts by browsing the works of Paul Akiiki, Kim Bennani, Soly Cissé, Rafiy Okefolahan, Enfant Précoce or Angu Walters.
African paintings often feature themes and motifs such as spirituality, community, nature, and daily life. These themes are often depicted through the use of vibrant colors, intricate patterns, and symbolic imagery. Many African artists also incorporate traditional cultural elements, such as masks and tribal symbols, into their work.
African painting has evolved over time, with traditional styles giving way to more contemporary techniques. Notable artists in the genre include El Anatsui, William Kentridge, and Chéri Samba. These artists have helped to shape the African art scene and bring it to a global audience.
African painting often uses natural materials such as mud, clay, and plant-based pigments, while Western painting relies on synthetic materials. African artists also tend to focus on storytelling and symbolism, whereas Western art emphasizes realism and individual expression. These differences reflect cultural and historical influences on artistic traditions.